Reported Speech

Reported Speech

When the reporting verb is in present or future, there is no change of tense in the words reported. Notice only the necessary change of person.

Example :

She says,”I eat banana.”
She says that she eats banana.

When reporting verb is in the past, the words reported are viewed in a past form. This form is usually are step back into the past from the original.

Example :

Andra told me,”Michel Jacson is waiting in my house.”
Andra told me that Michel Jacson was waiting in my house.

The tense on the left changes to the tense on the right
(Tabel perubahan tenses pada direct speech dan indirect speech)

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Here	There
This	That
Now	Then
Ago	Before
Yesterday	The day before
Tomorrow	The next/following day
Next (week)	The following (week)
Today	That day
Tonight	The night before
Can	Could
Next month	The following month
Last Sunday	The Sunday before
Two days ago	Two days before

Note :
Jika general truth tenses tidak berubah,tetap simple present tense.


Adverb of time, place, and a few other expressions also change.
(tabel perubahan waktu, tempat pada direct speech dan indirect speech)

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Here	There
This	That
Now	Then
Ago	Before
Yesterday	The day before
Tomorrow	The next/following day
Next (week)	The following (week)
Today	That day
Tonight	The night before
Can	Could
Next month	The following month
Last Sunday	The Sunday before
Two days ago	Two days before

Bentuk direct ke indirect speech ada 3 yaitu :

1. Affirmatif (+/-)

Anto says,”I am hungry.”
Anto said (that) he was hungry.

2. Interogative (?)

He said to me : Did you go to school yesterday?
He asked me if I had gone to school the previous day.

3. Imperative (!)

She shouted : Don’t go there!
She shouted not to go there

The old man said : Open your book page 20!
The old man said to open my book page 20.